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1 can, could, be able to: ability
Употребление модальных глаголов can, could и модальной конструкции be able to для выражения способности или возможности1) Если нужно сообщить об умении, способности кого-либо делать что-то, можно использовать can для обозначения настоящего времени и could — для обозначения прошедшего времени. can и could можно заменить конструкцией be able to, однако, can и could употребляются чаще.He can ( is able to) speak ten languages — Он умеет (может) говорить на десяти языках.
He could ( was able to) swim when he was small — Он мог (умел) плавать, когда был маленьким.
2)а) Если речь идет о том, что кто-то сумел осуществить что-то в некоторой определенной ситуации в прошлом, используется конструкция be able to, could в этом случае не употребляется. Could чаще употребляется в том случае, когда речь идет о чьих-либо способностях и умениях.They didn't want to sell the house but we were able to persuade them — Они не хотели продавать дом, но мы сумели убедить их сделать это.
б) Сочетание can и could с глаголами чувственного восприятия feel - чувствовать, hear - слышать, see - видеть, smell - чувствовать запах, taste - пробовать на вкус, а также с глаголами believe - верить, decide - решать, remember - помнить, understand - понимать может иметь два значения: 1) возможность действия, а также 2) само это действие, реально происходившее в некоторый момент времени.I could see the mountains through the window — Я видел горы через окно (Через окно мне были видны горы).
I can remember vividly my mother telling me horror stories about her school days. — Я живо помню, как мама рассказывала мне страшные истории о ее школьных годах.
3) Конструкция be able to не используется в следующих случаях:а) при описании события, происходящего в момент речиLook, I can swim! — Смотри, я плыву (у меня получается плавать)!
This chemical can be used as invisible ink — Это химическое вещество может быть использовано как невидимые чернила.
4) Конструкция be able to используется: перед инфинитивом с частицей to, перед Ing-form, перед глагольными формами, выражающими время группы Perfect, а также после модальных глаголов (Modal verbs). Can и could в этих случаях не используются.In either case, the firm's competitors would have been able to sell lower priced furniture — В любом случае конкуренты фирмы имели бы возможность продавать более дешевую мебель.
There is only one Success — to be able to spend your life in your own way — Настоящий успех заключается только в том, чтобы иметь возможность жить так, как ты хочешь.
You have to be able to tell the difference between value and junk — Нужно уметь отличать ценности от всякой ерунды.
You should be able to judge the seller — Нужно уметь оценить продавца.
choose we feel less under pressure — Имея возможность выбора, мы чувствуем на себе меньше давления.5)а) Чтобы сообщить о чем-то, что можно будет сделать в будущем, используется сочетание will be able to. Употребление глагола can в этом случае невозможно.No doubt in the morning he will be able to explain everything — Утром он, без сомнения, все сможет объяснить.
•— Употребление can, could в предположениях о том, что что-то может произойти в настоящем или будущем см. may, might, can, could: possibility in the future and present
— Употребление could при сообщении о возможности чего-либо в прошлом см. may, might, can, could: possibility in the past
— Употребление can и could с целью попросить разрешения, употребление can с целью дать разрешение см. Permission
— Употребление can и could с целью предложить услуги или вещь см. Offers and suggestions
Модальные глаголы в условных предложениях см. Modals in condition
English-Russian grammar dictionary > can, could, be able to: ability
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2 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) fri vilje* * *(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) fri vilje -
3 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) fri viljesubst. \/ˌfriːˈwɪl\/1) fri vilje2) frivillighet -
4 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) libre albedríolibre albedrío: libre albedrío m, propia voluntad fexpr.• libre albedrío expr.n.• albedrío s.m.• arbitrio s.m.mass nounof one's own free will — por su (or mi etc) propia voluntad, (de) motu proprio
* * *mass nounof one's own free will — por su (or mi etc) propia voluntad, (de) motu proprio
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5 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) frjáls vilji -
6 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) szabad akarat -
7 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) livre vontade* * *free willlivre arbítrio. -
8 free will
gönüllü* * *(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) özgür irade -
9 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) svobodna volja -
10 free will
• mielivalta* * *(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) -
11 free will
nome filos. libero arbitrio m.to do sth. of one's (own) free will — fare qcs. di propria (spontanea) volontà
* * *(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) spontanea volontà, libero arbitrio* * *n* * *nome filos. libero arbitrio m.to do sth. of one's (own) free will — fare qcs. di propria (spontanea) volontà
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12 free will
* * *▪ to do sth of one's own \free will etw aus freien Stücken tunII. adj freiwillig* * *n.Willensfreiheit f. -
13 free will
n* * *(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) wolna wola -
14 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) brīva griba -
15 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) laisva valia -
16 free will
fri vilja* * *(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) fri vilja -
17 option
option 1. FIN Option f; 2. GEN Entscheidungsfreiheit f, freie Wahl f (ability to choose); Alternative f, Wahlmöglichkeit f (alternative); Vorkaufsrecht n (right to buy); 3. STOCK Option f -
18 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) svobodná vůle* * *• svobodná vůle• svobodná vule -
19 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) liberul arbitru -
20 free will
(the ability to choose and act freely: He did it of his own free will.) ελευθερία βουλήσεως
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